Adalbert



A. BARON VON. PODEWILS.

Apparatus for Drying and Deodorizing Liquid Manures. No. 223,608. f jent'ed Jan. 13,1880.

N PETERS, PHOTO-UYHOGRAPMR. WASHINGTON, D C

' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ADALBERT, BARON VON PODEWILS, F MUNICH, BAV RIAQ APPARATUS FOR DRYING AND DEODORIZING LIQUID MANURES.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 223,608, dated January 13, 1880. i

' Appli aion filed May 15. 1879 To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ADALBERT, BARON VON PODEWILS, of the city of Munich, in the Kingdomof Bavaria, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Evaporating and Disinfecting Liquid and Semi-Liquid Substances; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will 10 enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, refer-- ence being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to an apparatusfor carrying out a method of evaporation, which consists in driving or sucking gases arising from the combustion or distillation of ordinary fuel, by means of fans or pneumatic pumps,

through the matters to be evaporated. The heat of the gases can therefore be utilized down to very low temperatures, and very large evaporative surfaces are attained, and therefore relatively considerable quantities of liq- 2 5 hid may be evaporated in small apparatus. This method of evaporation may be practiced relatively to all materialswhich do not get spoiled by smoke. According to the more or less complete combustion setting in by the 3 mixing of smoke with the fluid, a chemical effect, besides mere mechanical evaporation, will be produced by the finidabsorbing constituents of the smoke. The most complete chemical effect will be obtained by the distil- 3 5 lation (coking) of ordinary fuel. The employment of smoke arising from the incomplete combustion or from the distillation (coking) of ordinary fuel is to be especially recommended for materials liable to putrefaction and giving 4 off noxious gases and pernicious water of condensation during the evaporation for the incomplete combustion or distillation of every ordinary fuel creates gases having disinfecting properties-i. 6., wood creates creosote and stone-coal creates carbolic acid. For the disinfection and eventual evaporization of feces, sewage products, and liquid refuse, the mixture of gases arising from the incomplete combustion ordistillation of ordinary fuel with such matters is especially adapted.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure I is a longitudinal sectional view of an apparatus constructed according to my invention. Fig. I I is a plan or top view thereof. Fig; III is a i side view of the main receiver orboiler and: sectional view of the refrigerator applied thereto. Fig. 1V represents a modified form of gas-mixer. I The 'inatters are first pumped through a pipe, (1, into a closed reservoir, A, where they are subjected to a preliminary fumigating process by the action of a gas-mixing apparatus, M consisting of a number of horizontal radiating tubes revolved on a vertical axis in the reservoir by mechanical power. The gases 6 5 are conducted into the said apparatus through the hollow axis and issue by apertures z 2 in the radial tube. These apertures are not situated at the lowest edge of the horizontal radiating tubes, but a little toward the rear side of the same. These tubes dip into the fluid in the reservoir, and are turned in the direction opposed to that of the gases issuing from the apertures, an exhausting effect being. produced, whereby the gases are enabled to pass easily through the fluid. The smoke employed for this purpose may be taken from the steamengine furnace, and passes, by a pipe, b, into the tubular axis of the gas-mixing apparatus. The escaping gases pass out, by a pipe, 0, with the exhaust-vapors of the main gas-mixing apparatus 0. The fumigated mass passes from the said reservoir A into a tubular boiler, B, where it is warmed by the exhaust gases and vapors from the main fumigating appara tus, into which it then enters. The latter consists of a "ertical boiler containing the firebox d, the vapors and gases from which pass through a gas-mixing apparatus into the fluid mass contained in said boiler. The gas-mixing apparatus M consists of a number of tubes, 00 x dipping into the fluid mass in the boiler and pendent from a cap upon the chimney of the said fire-box, and 0a pable of being rotated by mechanical power. 5 The gases rise through the chimney into the cap, and then pass through these bent-down tubes 00 m and escape by flattened orifices y g at their lower ends, which are bent backward at right angles into the mass subjected zoo to the process of distillation. By the revolution of the pendent tubes, first, the gases are thoroughly mixed with the mass; secondly, the gases are uniformly distributed through the entire mass; thirdly, the apparatus serves as a stirrer; and, lastly, an exhausting effect is produced by the revolution of the apparatus in a direction contrary to that of the air issuing from the pipes, whereby, if a sufficiently high velocity be imparted to the apparatus, the gases may alone be drawn in or forced through comparatively high columns of fiuid by means of fans without using any cylinderblowing engine. With this mixing apparatus agitators e e are connected, causing a constant movement in the mass. Air is supplied beneath the fire grate by means of a fan through the pipe M.

By a suitable regulation of the air-supply and the construction of the fire-grate all possible stages of combustion are attainablethat is to say, the stage of only coking the fuel, as also the stage of the nearly complete combustion. Instead of driving the gases through the matters by means of a fan, they may also be sucked by means of a pneumatic pump. The gases and vapors escaping from the mass, pass olf by a flue, f, into the tubes g g g of the boiler B, above mentioned. The mass, after being inspissated to the desired degree and fumigated, passes through a siphon, h, into the refrigerator D, and falls here upon inclined planes 4; k 2' W, the matter meeting in its descent an ascending current of air, which enters through the pipe l and leaies through the pipe at. In this manner a further vaporization of the water and a partial refrigeration of the mass is effected. A pipe, 0, connected with the refrigerator, serves to convey the mass into receivers or into a suitable drying apparatus.

The evaporating apparatus 0 may also be used without a special fire burning in the firebox d. For the evaporation and eventual disinfection in this case, the smoke drawn from another furnace has to be driven through the second gas-mixing apparatus M. If it be only a matter of disinfecting liquid refuse the preliminary gas-mixer M is to be employed. In

some cases I may employ an injector, M

(shown in Fig. IV,) instead of the device M The gases are in this case driven through a nozzle, W, projecting obliquely into a pipe, at, in which the first mixture takes place, and through which the fluid-matter is introduced into the reservoir A, a further mixture resulting from the circumstance that the gases issuing from the nozzle are projected upon the surface of the matters contained in the reservoir, and therefore pass through these matters.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is g 1. In an apparatus for evaporating and disinfecting liquid and semi-liquid substances, the combination of the supply or feeding reservoir A, provided with a gas-mixing apparatus, substantially as described, the tubular boiler B, the main receiver or boiler G, and w ADALBERT, BARON VON PODEWILS.

Witnesses:

EUGEN GUGEL, G. HENRY HORS'IMANN, 

